Proteus anguinus parkelj (Crni moceril)

Proteus anguinus parkelj, known locally as the črni močeril or Black Olm, is one of Slovenia’s most fascinating and rare creatures, found only in the underground waters near Črnomelj in the Bela Krajina region. Unlike its pale, white cousin found elsewhere in the Dinaric Alps, the Black Olm is distinguished by its dark skin and striking red gills, earning it the nickname “parkelj”—a reference to the mythical Krampus-like figure in local folklore.

Discovered in 1986 at the Dobličica spring and formally described in 1994, the Black Olm is the largest cave-dwelling animal in Slovenia and is endemic to a small area of shallow karst, covering just 10 km². This nocturnal amphibian spends its life in complete darkness, relying on its heightened senses of smell and hearing to hunt for tiny crustaceans and snails. Its unique adaptations and limited habitat make it a symbol of the region’s fragile underground ecosystems and a priority for conservation.

Visitors interested in this mysterious species can learn more at the research and visitor center near the Jelševniščica Spring, where educational exhibits highlight the olm’s biology, habitat, and the importance of protecting karst waters. While sightings in the wild are rare, the center offers a chance to see the Black Olm up close and to appreciate the hidden wonders beneath Bela Krajina’s surface. For nature lovers and curious travelers, a visit to Črnomelj’s olm center is a truly unique Slovenian experience.